How the limits work
Google shows roughly 600 pixels of a title on desktop and around 920 pixels of a description over two lines, in a font close to 20px and 14px Arial. A character count is only a proxy: wide letters and capitals use more space. The checker measures the text at those sizes in your browser, which is why two titles with the same character count can get different results. Mobile shows a little more of the title and less of the description, so aim to keep the important words early rather than tuning to a single limit.
Writing a title that survives
- Put the primary term at the start, then one variant, then the brand only if it fits. The brand at the end is the first thing Google drops.
- Do not repeat the same word to hit a length. Google rewrites titles it considers stuffed.
- Each page gets a different title. Two pages with the same title compete with each other and one of them is rewritten.
Descriptions are for clicks, not rankings
The description does not affect ranking, but it changes how many people click. State what the page contains and who it is for, in plain sentences, and include the phrase the searcher used because Google bolds it. If Google keeps replacing your description with page text, the description was not answering the query as well as the page did. Site-wide title and description work is part of the on-page SEO service; the SEO audit reports every duplicate and truncated one across the site.